Also known as Closed circuit television according to Abbreviationfinder, CCTV is a visual video surveillance technology designed to monitor a variety of environments and activities.
Description
The circuit closed may be composed of one or more video surveillance cameras connected to one or more monitors for video or television, which reproduce the images captured by the cameras. However, to improve the system, other components such as videos or computers are often directly connected or networked.
They are in the place where you want to keep a close watch. In today’s modern systems, the cameras used can be remotely controlled from a control room, where their configuration can be measured. These types of cameras are called PTZ (pan-tilt-zoom).
Some of these systems include night vision, computer-aided operations, abandoned object detection, people counting and even motion detection, which makes it easier for the system to put itself on alert when something moves in front of the cameras. The clarity of the images can be of high quality, it can be transformed from dark to light levels and vice versa. All these characteristics mean that the use of CCTV has grown extraordinarily in recent years.
History
At first they were made to deter or detect theft and today, it is not only used to care for and maintain security in facilities, but also with other specific objectives such as medicine, education or the fight against antisocial events.
These security systems are used in many homes, although they can also perform other functions such as collecting evidence of domestic violence. They are also placed in banks, hotels, casinos, bus and train terminals, shopping centers, roads, airports, public areas and facilities, among many other places.
Also in the industrial and mining area it is used in industrial processes. The great increase in cameras in places of public interest has forced countries like Spain to regularize the situation through laws such as the Organic Law on Data Protection. It protects the privacy of the people, prohibiting hidden cameras, obliges to report on the existence of video surveillance and protect the privacy of people, to use them for security purposes and always with the sense of proportionality.
CCTV in video surveillance
Currently, a great advance has been made in this technology. CCTV Surveillance Kits connect a number of variable surveillance cameras, which can be dome, bullet cameras, even motorized surveillance cameras with positioner, which can be remotely movable. This movement can be done through a console, keyboard, even through smartphone mobile phones, through which the various options of the software installed on it can be managed.
A CCTV video surveillance system also includes devices such as: infrared lamps, twilight sensors, positioners, telephoto lenses, video analysis and intelligent video, etc. The technology of the cameras currently allows, depending on the models, to capture thermal images in total darkness, or images in darkness illuminated with infrared that the eye is not able to see.
The sensor and how it works
The CCD sensor: It is one of the most important parts of the video camera, it is the camera’s eye and the resolution and quality of the footage depends on it, as well as the amount of frames per second of video that it can capture.
The light enters through the objective of the video camera and this is projected to the CCD sensor. The function of the sensor is to translate the optical image into electronics, in a certain sequence of images, frames per second, in turn analyzing the brightness and color of the image, thus creating the video signal.
